Erectile dysfunction can feel intensely personal and isolating, but you are far from alone. If you are asking yourself, “how do you fix erectile dysfunction,” you are already taking an important first step: looking for clear, reliable information instead of quick fixes or risky shortcuts.
Below, you will learn what actually causes ED, which treatments are proven to work, and which lifestyle changes can help you improve or even reverse symptoms over time.
Understand what erectile dysfunction really is
Erectile dysfunction (ED) means you regularly have trouble getting or keeping an erection firm enough for satisfying sex. Experts typically consider it ED when the problem shows up at least a quarter of the time, either your penis does not get hard enough or it loses firmness too soon (Harvard Health Publishing).
You might notice:
- Difficulty getting an erection even when you feel turned on
- Erections that are not as firm as they used to be
- Erections that fade quickly during sex
ED is common. More than half of men between 40 and 70 experience it to some degree (Mayo Clinic). It is not a reflection of your masculinity or worth. It is a medical issue with medical and lifestyle solutions.
Why fixing ED starts with finding the cause
There is no single “one size fits all” fix for erectile dysfunction. The best way to improve ED is to identify why it is happening to you and tailor treatment around that cause (Cleveland Clinic).
Common causes include:
- Blood vessel problems such as atherosclerosis (clogged arteries)
- Nerve damage from diabetes, surgery, or injuries
- Hormonal issues like low testosterone
- Side effects from medications
- Stress, anxiety, depression, or relationship issues
In up to 30 percent of men who see a doctor for ED, the condition is the very first sign of cardiovascular disease (Harvard Health Publishing). That makes ED both a sexual health issue and an important early warning signal for your overall health.
If you are wondering whether ED will just go away, it usually does not improve on its own without lifestyle changes or treatment (Cleveland Clinic). The upside is that once you know the cause, you and your doctor can choose effective options.
Oral medications that often fix ED quickly
For many men, the most direct way to fix erectile dysfunction is with prescription oral medications. These are often the first line of treatment and they generally work well with relatively few side effects (Mayo Clinic).
These medicines are called PDE5 inhibitors. They include:
- Sildenafil (Viagra)
- Tadalafil (Cialis)
- Vardenafil (Levitra)
- Avanafil (Stendra)
All four work by enhancing the effect of nitric oxide, a natural chemical that relaxes muscles in the penis and increases blood flow when you are sexually stimulated (Mayo Clinic). They do not cause automatic erections. You still need to be aroused.
According to Harvard Health, ED drugs help produce an erection firm enough for intercourse in about 70 percent of otherwise healthy men, although results are lower if you have nerve or artery damage from prostate surgery, diabetes, or heart disease (Harvard Health Publishing).
How the main ED pills differ
Here is a quick comparison to help you understand what to expect:
| Drug | Typical onset | Duration | Food considerations | Notable feature |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sildenafil (Viagra) | 30 to 60 minutes | 4 to 5 hours | Works best on an empty stomach | Well known and widely used |
| Vardenafil (Levitra) | 30 to 60 minutes | 4 to 5 hours | Best on an empty stomach | Also available as a dissolving tablet, which may work a bit faster (Mayo Clinic) |
| Avanafil (Stendra) | 15 to 30 minutes | About 4 to 5 hours | Less affected by food | Fastest onset for many men (Harvard Health Publishing) |
| Tadalafil (Cialis) | 30 to 45 minutes | 24 to 36 hours | Not affected by food | Longest lasting, also approved for daily low dose use (Harvard Health Publishing) |
Cialis is unique because it can be taken as a low dose every day. That can give you more spontaneity and it may also help urinary symptoms from an enlarged prostate (Harvard Health Publishing).
Safety, side effects, and red flags
Common side effects of ED medications include headache, flushing, nasal congestion, upset stomach, vision changes, diarrhea, dizziness, and rash (Harvard Health Publishing). These are usually mild and short lived.
There are some important safety rules:
- Never take ED drugs if you use nitrates for chest pain. The combination can cause a dangerous drop in blood pressure (Harvard Health Publishing).
- Use caution if you are on alpha blockers for urinary symptoms. Your doctor may need to adjust timing or dosage.
- If you ever have a painful erection lasting more than two to four hours, go to the emergency room immediately. This may be priapism, which can cause permanent damage if untreated (Cleveland Clinic).
Because of frequent scams, be very wary of buying ED pills from unverified online sources. Many “cheap” or “no prescription” options are counterfeit or contaminated. Always work with a health professional to get a prescription and guidance (Mayo Clinic).
Other medical treatments when pills are not enough
If pills do not work for you or are not safe because of other health conditions, you still have options. Mayo Clinic describes several alternatives that can restore erections (Mayo Clinic).
These include:
-
Self injection therapy
You inject a medicine like alprostadil directly into the side of the penis to trigger an erection. The needle is very small and most men describe it as mild discomfort rather than sharp pain. -
Intraurethral suppositories
A tiny medicated pellet is placed inside the urethra with a special applicator. It increases blood flow and produces an erection in a few minutes. -
Vacuum erection devices (penis pumps)
A plastic tube fits over the penis and you use a pump to create a vacuum. This pulls blood into the penis. Then you slide a band around the base to maintain the erection during sex. -
Penile implants
If other treatments fail, surgically implanted devices can provide reliable erections on demand. These are usually inflatable cylinders or bendable rods inside the penis.
Your doctor will help you weigh simplicity, cost, and comfort. For some men, especially those with severe vascular or nerve damage, these options are the most dependable way to fix ED.
Lifestyle changes that can improve or reverse ED
Medication can be powerful, but how do you fix erectile dysfunction in a lasting way? Often, that means changing the habits that contribute to it.
Modifiable risk factors for ED include smoking, lack of exercise, poor diet, excess weight, metabolic syndrome, and heavy drinking. All of these create a state of inflammation and reduce nitric oxide, which is essential for healthy erections (Asian Journal of Andrology).
Clinical trials show that lifestyle changes can substantially improve or even restore erectile function, especially in men with obesity or metabolic issues (Asian Journal of Andrology). For example:
- An 8 week aerobic exercise program improved standardized erectile function scores in men with arterial ED.
- Losing 5 to 10 percent of body weight increased testosterone, improved blood vessel health, and significantly improved erections.
- Quitting smoking improved erectile function in at least 25 percent of men after one year, while current smokers saw no improvement (Asian Journal of Andrology).
Mayo Clinic notes that exercising regularly, eating more fruits and vegetables, keeping your waistline down, sleeping well, and stopping smoking can be as effective as medicines for some men (Mayo Clinic).
Moderate alcohol intake, roughly 1 to 20 standard drinks per week, may actually lower ED risk in some men, possibly due to cardiovascular benefits. However, heavy drinking clearly raises the risk of ED (Asian Journal of Andrology). If you are not sure what “moderate” looks like for you, a doctor can help you decide on a safe level.
The key idea is simple. The same habits that protect your heart and blood vessels protect your erections.
Mental health and relationship support
ED is not always just a physical issue. Stress, anxiety, depression, and relationship tension can all trigger or worsen erectile difficulties.
Sometimes, a single episode of ED leads to worry about it happening again. That worry becomes performance anxiety, which makes the problem more likely to occur. This cycle is very common.
Mayo Clinic recommends psychological counseling or sex therapy when ED is linked to mental health issues or causing relationship strain (Mayo Clinic). A therapist can help you:
- Break the cycle of anxiety and avoidance
- Improve communication with your partner
- Address depression, trauma, or chronic stress that may be affecting desire and arousal
Many men find that combining counseling with medical treatment gives them better, more stable results than relying on pills alone.
Be careful with “natural” or herbal ED cures
You will see many supplements marketed as “herbal viagra” or “natural male enhancement.” The problem is that most of these products are not backed by good research and some are actually dangerous.
Mayo Clinic reports that:
- Many ED herbs and supplements have not been studied as thoroughly as prescription medicines (Mayo Clinic).
- Some over the counter “herbal viagra” products were found to contain actual prescription drug ingredients and have been banned by the FDA. Risky, unproven products still remain on the market.
- Supplements can cause side effects and may interact with other medicines, especially if you have heart disease or diabetes.
Prescription PDE5 inhibitors like Viagra, Cialis, Levitra, and Stendra remain the most studied and recommended ED treatments. Natural supplements have not shown similar levels of proven effectiveness or safety (Mayo Clinic).
If you are curious about a supplement, talk with your doctor or pharmacist first. Getting professional advice is much safer than experimenting with unregulated pills.
When to see a doctor about ED
You might feel tempted to ignore ED or hope it passes. Given what you now know, treating it as a health signal is the smarter approach.
You should talk with a primary care doctor or urologist if:
- You notice persistent or worsening trouble getting or keeping an erection
- You have risk factors like diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, obesity, or you smoke
- ED is causing stress, lowering your confidence, or hurting your relationship
A doctor can:
- Confirm that you truly have ED and not another condition
- Check for underlying causes like heart disease, hormonal issues, or medication side effects
- Recommend the safest and most effective treatment plan for you (Cleveland Clinic)
Remember that ED is not an unavoidable part of getting older. Erections may take longer to develop as you age, but healthy habits and proper treatment can prevent or improve erectile dysfunction in many men (Mayo Clinic).
Putting it all together
Here is the bottom line to the question, “how do you fix erectile dysfunction”:
Fixing ED usually requires a combination of medical treatment, lifestyle changes, and, when needed, support for your mental and emotional wellbeing.
You do not have to figure this out by yourself. Reaching out to a healthcare professional is not a sign of weakness. It is how you protect your health, restore your confidence, and get back to enjoying sex instead of worrying about it.
If you are ready to take the next step, make a list of your symptoms, medications, and questions, then schedule an appointment. The sooner you start, the more options you will have and the better your chances of fixing ED in a way that truly lasts.